Python and Artificial Intelligence

Matplotlib Pyplot: The Powerhouse of Python Data Visualization Among the many powerful libraries in the Python programming language, matplotlib is undoubtedly one of the most versatile and widely used. It allows users to generate high-quality charts and graphs using Python code, with minimal effort and no knowledge of complex mathematics or computer graphics required. In this article, we will explore how to use matplotlib’s pyplot module to create plots and various types of graphs for both interactive viewing in Python shell and creating publication-ready figures. We will also examine some key features offered by matplotlib’s plotting library that makes it such an indispensable tool for data visualization in Python programming. 2D Plot Matplotlib Pyplot is a library in Python that allows users to create 2D visualizations of their data. By using this library, users can create line graphs, bar charts, scatter plots, and more. Additionally, Pyplot allows users to customize their plots to ...

 Numpy - The Python Library for Data Science Python comes with various libraries and modules, including the math module, which has its own function library, as well as the random module, which allows you to generate pseudo-random numbers and manipulate them to simulate different forms of randomness and probability. In addition to these modules, there’s another in Python known as numpy (pronounced nump-eye). The name numpy stands for Numerical Python, and it can be used in many ways to solve numerical problems within the Python programming language. Introduction Numpy is a powerful Python library that is widely used in data science. It provides an efficient way to store and manipulate data, and has a wide range of mathematical functions that can be applied to data. Numpy is fast, reliable, and easy to use, making it a popular choice for data scientists. Installation Numpy can be installed using pip, which is the standard package manager for Python. Once you have pip installed, you c...

​ Definition of List: A collection of values, or elements, that can have any data type is commonly known as Python list. A list is presented with square brackets [], in which the values are separated by commas. For example; a = [7, ‘rain', 5, 'frog', 4] Negative indexing: The first element in the list hold index 0, the position of first element starts with zero-indexing, where the second element  has index 1, and go on. Lists can be so long so that to reach the last element is the lists we can use negative indexing in which we count the elements from backward. The last element of the list has index -1, the second to last  has index -2, and go on. To select the last element "p' from the b elow mentioned list x , place -1 in square  bracket. The element has index -1, as  it is the last element of the lists. e.g. x = ['b', 'd', 'm', 'p'] print(x[-1]) print(x[-4]) Result: p b Indexing and slicing:  For accessing the element in the Python...

​ Behaviours of different data types in Python. Behaviours of different data types: The similar behaviour of one data type may perform differently on another. When we add two integers, resultantly we get another integer in return. print(6+ 3) 9 When we add two strings together, we receive an error, as strings are non-numerical. When the strings get Linked together, returning another string. print ('Summer' + 'Camp') SummerCamp  When we add Boolean values, we expect another Boolean, as we aware of that By adding integers returns an integer, and when we add a strings returns a string. But ,when we add Boolean values we get an integer. print(True + False) 1 This happens due to True and False are converted to the integers 1 and 0 in mathematical operations. The difference of behaviour in data types is not limited to addition. print(6 * 6) print('Try! * 3) print(True * 2) 36 'Try! Try! Try!' 2

​ Conversion of data types: When you are willing to convert one data type into another data type. You may convert a variable into a different type with the int() str() , bool() , or Float () functions, it depends on what form you want your final data type to be.  To add integers and strings, you first have to use  str()  to convert the integer into string. print('I have accomplished ' + str(2) + 'models! ') I have accomplished 2 models! To convert a string to an integer with  int(). print(int('3') + 2) 5 To convert a string to a float with  float(). print(float('6') + 2.0) 8.0 Lastly , to convert objects to boolean values with bool() print (bool(4) , bool(0), bool("hi+g) True False True

​ Data types:  It defines what type of data a  variable is carrying. There are 4 main data  types that are frequently used is Python programming are;  int, float, str, and bool. Any whole number with no  decimal places is referred to as Integer, like 1 or 20. X = 10 print(x) print(type (x)) 10 <class’int'> The floats are the number with decimal places like 3.14 or 5.22  X=2.5 print(x) print(type (x)) 2.5 ‹class’float’> Any kind of non-numerical data, like letters or words, are strings. Strings can be built using single ‘ ‘ or double quotes "" X = 'English' print(x) print(type (x)) English <class‘str'> True and False are the example of Boolean  values, and can be referred to as "Yes"and "No". Boolean values is used to do filtering operations on data. X = True print(x) print(type (x)) True ‹class’bool'>

​ Variables: To store a value for future use, you can define a variable with a case-sensitive, specific name that should be used to refer to that value. For defining a variable, use the = sign. fill_in = 800 print (fill_in) 800 Giving a value to a variable is called declaration . You have to declare a variable before using its value. When a variable has been declared, it can be used in your coding. Another example: name = "John" print(name) John

  Modulo, division and exponentiation: MODULO: The operator named modulo which is represented by % sign returns the remainder of the division of the number at its left by the number on its right side. e.g. print ( 7 % 4 ) Answer: 3 DIVISION: To divide we can use /  e.g. print(4/8) Answer:    0.5 EXPONENTIATION: The operator named exponentiation in Python is represented with ** sign. It increases the number on its left to the power of the number on its right side. print(3**4) Answer is:     81

  The Type Function:                                   Data types explain what kind of data a variable can hold. The type ( ) function can assist you figure out a variable data type. x = 53 print(type(x)) Answer is:         <class 'int'> Same goes for Strings, floats and Boolean values.

Using comments is really important to make sure that you yourself and other can understand your coding. To add comments to the scripts of your Python program you need to use # Sign. Python does not run what is written after # sign and ignores it. e.g: # Add 4 and 5 equal 9 print(4+5) 9 

  Python and Artificial Intelligence Python is an interpreted, high-level interpreted programming language, intended specifically for rapid prototyping and integration with other languages. The most popular use of python is as an object-oriented programming language (OOP) language. It is the fundamental language of the data science community, where many open source projects develop their libraries, which help to solve complex real world problems, using large datasets and can be used in a very efficient manner. It has also a huge community around it, so that any user, or developer, can easily get the latest information about the current development within less than seconds of asking the question. Its syntax supports for both traditional expressions like expression, as well as new ones like functional programming, decorator, method, etc., which are more often than not used for computation in artificial intelligence systems. In simple terms, it creates objects, performs operations on ...